Delta’s AI-based price-gouging

“It’s a scam. AI agents aren’t going to replace human labor. The only way we’ll replace human labor with software agents is by redesigning all these heterogeneous, competing systems owned by people who benefit from the status quo and have every motivation to obstruct this project. Good luck with that.”

Cory Doctorow reviews the ways in which companies such as Delta Air Lines, British Airways, Uber, McDonald’s and many others around the world are using nonconsensually harvested personal data and AI to further increase your costs.

pluralistic.net

When we get komooted

“Digital enclosure is the continuation of the physical enclosure of land. This sophisticated form of digital extraction is so common that it’s almost unremarkable. But there’s a wrenching contradiction here between Komoot’s stated mission of ‘enabling access’ to public land while privatizing and exclusively profiting from those very movements. They take our most meaningful encounters with nature and ourselves and sell them back to us for a quick buck.”

Using Komoot as an example, Joshua Meissner illustrates why today’s digital communities require better tools based on federation and interoperability.

bikepacking.com

Shrink, optimise and expand an existing QCOW2 image

A virtual disk image is a block device in a file. There are a number of different disk image formats to choose from when setting up a virtual machine. QEMU Copy On Write version 2 (QCOW2) is the default virtual disk image format for the Quick Emulator (QEMU). Features such as thin provisioning, snapshots and compression make QCOW2 one of the most versatile virtual disk formats available.

These instructions specifically target Debian 12 with a GNOME desktop as the host, but they should also be applicable to other Linux distributions such as Ubuntu or Linux Mint. The guest in this particular example is a Windows 11 virtual machine that has run out of space.

The overall objective is to shrink and optimise the 64 GiB disk image for random read and write operations before expanding it to a desired size of 128 GiB.

With thanks to Fam Zheng.

Before you begin

Shut down the virtual machine and delete all existing snapshots from the image file.

Never modify images currently in use by a running virtual machine.

Step 1

On the host, install the necessary tools for working with virtual disk images.

$ sudo apt-get install --yes libguestfs-tools gnome-disk-utility

Step 2

Only root can access the host directory /var/lib/libvirt/images. Use the following command to obtain the necessary privileges.

$ sudo su

Step 3

Continue by creating a directory in which to keep your virtual machine backups.

# mkdir /var/lib/libvirt/backups

Step 4

Now create a backup of the virtual machine with the name windows by copying its QCOW2 image file to the backups directory.

# cp /var/lib/libvirt/images/windows.qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/backups/windows-backup.qcow2

Step 5

Sparsify the image file to convert any free space within the disk image to free space on the host.

# virt-sparsify --in-place /var/lib/libvirt/images/windows.qcow2

Step 6

Rename the sparsified image file.

# mv /var/lib/libvirt/images/windows.qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/windows-sparsified.qcow2

Step 7

Check the disk size of the sparsified image file.

# qemu-img info /var/lib/libvirt/images/windows-sparsified.qcow2

The disk size should be smaller than the virtual size. In this particular case, the disk size is 33.7 GiB and the virtual size 64 GiB.

image: /var/lib/libvirt/images/windows-sparsified.qcow2
file format: qcow2
virtual size: 64 GiB (68719476736 bytes)
disk size: 33.7 GiB
cluster_size: 65536
Format specific information:
compat: 1.1
compression type: zlib
lazy refcounts: true
refcount bits: 16
corrupt: false
extended l2: false

Step 8

Determine which partition to resize by obtaining more detailed information about the contents of the sparsified disk image.

# virt-filesystems --long -h --all -a /var/lib/libvirt/images/windows-sparsified.qcow2

On the virtual device /dev/sda, the partition /dev/sda3 is equivalent to the Local Disk (C:) of the Windows 11 virtual machine.

Name       Type        VFS   Label  MBR  Size  Parent
/dev/sda1 filesystem vfat - - 96M -
/dev/sda3 filesystem ntfs - - 63G -
/dev/sda4 filesystem ntfs - - 768M -
/dev/sda1 partition - - - 100M /dev/sda
/dev/sda2 partition - - - 16M /dev/sda
/dev/sda3 partition - - - 63G /dev/sda
/dev/sda4 partition - - - 768M /dev/sda
/dev/sda device - - - 64G -

Step 9

Load the network block device (NBD) kernel module.

# modprobe nbd max_part=8

Step 10

Connect the sparsified image.

# qemu-nbd --connect=/dev/nbd9 /var/lib/libvirt/images/windows-sparsified.qcow2

Step 11

The partition /dev/sda3 listed in Step 8 is equivalent to /dev/nbd9p3 connected as a network block device. Use GNOME Disks to shrink /dev/nbd9p3 to its Minimal Size.

Use a graphical utility to minimise the risk of introducing errors.

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is disks-options-825x586.png
Select the correct partition and from the pop-up menu, choose the option Resize…
This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is resize-volume.png
Select Minimal Size and resize the partition.

Step 12

Disconnect the resized image.

# qemu-nbd -d /dev/nbd9

Step 13

Unload the NBD kernel module.

# modprobe -r nbd

Step 14

Create a target image larger than the resized source image. In this example, the size of the target image is 128G and its format QCOW2 with full preallocation and a cluster size of 2M.

# qemu-img create -f qcow2 -o preallocation=full -o cluster_size=2M /var/lib/libvirt/images/windows-target.qcow2 128G

Step 15

Copy the source image to the target image. Specify the correct partition which to expand in the process.

# virt-resize --expand /dev/sda3 /var/lib/libvirt/images/windows-sparsified.qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/windows-target.qcow2

Step 16

Confirm the size of the target image.

# qemu-img info /var/lib/libvirt/images/windows-target.qcow2

The overall disk size is now 128 GiB in total.

image: /var/lib/libvirt/images/windows-target.qcow2
file format: qcow2
virtual size: 128 GiB (137438953472 bytes)
disk size: 128 GiB
cluster_size: 2097152
Format specific information:
compat: 1.1
compression type: zlib
lazy refcounts: false
refcount bits: 16
corrupt: false
extended l2: false

Step 17

Obtain more detailed information about the contents of the target disk image.

# virt-filesystems --long -h --all -a /var/lib/libvirt/images/windows-target.qcow2

The partition /dev/sda3 of the virtual device /dev/sda is now 127G in size.

Name       Type        VFS   Label  MBR  Size  Parent
/dev/sda1 filesystem vfat - - 96M -
/dev/sda3 filesystem ntfs - - 127G -
/dev/sda4 filesystem ntfs - - 768M -
/dev/sda1 partition - - - 100M /dev/sda
/dev/sda2 partition - - - 16M /dev/sda
/dev/sda3 partition - - - 127G /dev/sda
/dev/sda4 partition - - - 768M /dev/sda
/dev/sda device - - - 128G -

Step 18

Rename the target image file.

# mv /var/lib/libvirt/images/windows-target.qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/windows.qcow2

All done!

You can also modify format specific options for an existing image without having to create a target disk image. Or alternatively expand into a target image that uses a format compatible with other hypervisors, such as RAW, VMDK, VDI, VHD, VHDX or QED.

Can passkeys replace passwords

“Passkeys and the WebAuthn specification were intended to make public key cryptography accessible to average users, rather than just the domain of the tech-savvy. If done right, they could seriously improve security on the Web.” @Drbruced summarises why passkeys are such a good idea in theory and explains where current implementations of the technology fall down in practice.

systemsapproach.org

Was Griechenland wusste: das tödliche Geschäft des Abu Sultan

“Eine monatelange Untersuchung unter der Leitung des griechischen Investigativmediums Solomon und des Netzwerks Arab Reporters for Investigative Journalism in Zusammenarbeit mit El País und der taz ergab, dass die griechischen Behörden schon früh wussten, dass die ‘Pylos 9’ unschuldig waren, sie aber fast ein ganzes Jahr in Untersuchungshaft behielten.” Griechenland kriminalisiert systematisch die Opfer eines der schwersten Schiffsunglücke im Mittelmeer, um von den Versäumnissen der eigenen Behörden abzulenken.

taz.de

Viele gute Gründe für das Fediverse

“Die vor uns stehenden Umwälzungen der digitalen Transformation sind von historischer Dimension. Sie sind in ihrer Bedeutung vergleichbar mit den Veränderungen im Zeitalter der Aufklärung, die die Grundlage für die Menschenrechte und ein friedlich vereintes Europa legten.”

Mario Birkholz sieht die Hochschulen in der Pflicht, ihre digitale Kommunikation mit den Anfoderungen des demokratischen Gemeinwesens in Einklang zu bringen.

netzpolitik.org

Use the Zyklop Pocket for bicycle maintenance

These days, the Wera Zyklop Pocket ratchet is my go-to tool for any kind of bicycle-related maintenance. With a length of 140 mm and, in my specific case, a weight of 209 g it is small enough to fit in my hip pack. Get a few additonal bits to fit the particular requirements of your bike and you’ve got a fantastic tool that, because of its ergonomic properties, represents a significant step up on any of the traditional multi-tools.

www.wera.de

A hacker’s perspective: social media account takeover prevention guide

“If you watched the SEC Twitter account hack that moved markets yesterday and wondered how to prevent account takeover for your personal, business, or high profile social media account, here’s an Account Takeover Prevention Guide for you and/or your organization.” @racheltobac neatly summarises the steps you should take to prevent the hijacking of your online accounts.

www.linkedin.com

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